Transformers - these are instruments that play a role in the most important places where the electrical energy used.Their main purpose is to produce electricity and its supply.In that case, if the transmission power is carried on a long distance, it must be small, whereas the voltage - high.This significantly reduces costs.On the other hand, considerable stresses require large amounts of insulating materials, which leads to higher costs.Transformers - devices that are used to offset such a contradiction.In a nutshell, they are used in power plants for the first increase in voltage, and then - to lower it.Because of this, the consumer gets the best for yourself current.
In most cases, use three-phase transformers.This can be explained by the fact that there are three phase power networks.Less set several single devices, connected by a star or a triangle.Efficiency is now used at the transformer reaches 99 percent.Despite this, a significant portion of the power is lost due to heat.That is why they use specially designed cooling system.
scheme of transformer-type network (which is most common in the home) is built on the principle that a variety of home electrical appliances are of varying voltage.Some time ago, the main problem of these devices was a big weight and dimensions.To solve this problem is now rectified voltage, which is then converted to high frequency pulses.Further, in the transformer, they are given the necessary parameters.This solution significantly reduces the overall parameters of the power supply.There are also impulse devices.The principle of a transformer of this type is to ensure that it is carried out the transfer of the so-called rectangular pulse.The main purpose of this device is to transmit pulses without distortion.
most convenient-to-use devices are such as autotransformers.Primary and secondary windings are directly connected to one another.Because of this difference between them is also the electrical connection, not only electromagnetic.The winding has at least three choices.By connecting to each of them is formed with different voltage values.Such devices are characterized by high efficiency, since the conversion is only part of the power.With this circuit such transformers do not have insulation between them, making them cheaper.In this regard, most frequently they are used for industrial purposes.
Finally it should be noted that the transformer - are devices that also have a separating function.In other words, they serve in order to prevent the destruction of human shock while touching a grounded element and poorly insulated device.The fact that the subject through this switching device becomes impossible to contact the secondary circuit from the "ground" and electric shock.
