When a man sits with a pen on a table or to a computer with the intention to write something, he thinks about how to write this or that letter, to place punctuation.In oral speech, we also usually much less care about the correct pronunciation, and for good reason.Science that deals with regulatory spelling of certain words, spelling is called (from the Greek - "spelling"), and a similar discipline of speech - Orthoepy (in translation - "speaking right").To understand what orthoepy, you need to have an understanding of its laws and principles.Owning a pronunciation skills is important, especially in the business sector, the media, as well as to create the impression of an intelligent person.
Dialects
dialect called variations in the same language.For these are not unique global differences in phonetics, vocabulary, syntax, grammar, and other aspects of the language, and private.Naturally, it can not normally exist and develop only one version of a language.Dialects arise because the people living in different regions, but speaking the same language, are subject to different linguistic influences from neighbors, immigrants, etc.What orthoepy and dialects, easier to understand by examples: remember softened "d", which is often pronounced in the Kuban - Ukrainian influence, or "letter by letter" pronunciation of St. Petersburg - a consequence of too many educated people.
Russian literary speech
In Russia, as elsewhere, there is a huge number and variety of dialects.They are even classified into species and subspecies!The most famous - it's probably the Vologda and Kuban.Literary speech is considered pronunciation, common in St. Petersburg and Moscow.
orthoepy basic rules of the Russian language
a) stunning.Consonants in Russian language sometimes become noisy (ie completely deaf) before actually noisy and at the end of the word.Examples: Mushroom in the word pronounced "n", but write "b" (the end of the word);
b) before sonants, calls and vowels, as well as at the beginning of the word sounds sometimes ozvonchayutsya ("c" in the word please).
pronunciation of vowels consider separately, as it is the most different in different dialects:
a) Akane - is the transformation of the "o" in "and" in unstressed position.The reverse phenomenon - Ocaña - common in Vologda and other northern dialects (for example, we say "effeminate" instead of "milk");
b) ICANN - the "e" is converted to "and" in unstressed position (vIlikan we say, not a giant).
c) reduction - that is, the reduction of vowels in pro- or doudarnyh positions, that is faster and more crumpled their pronunciation.A clear distinction as to stun or ICANN, is not here.You can only watch yourself, that some vowels we speak longer than the other (marmalade: the last "a" when to listen, pronounced much longer than the first).
What orthoepy for the different languages of the world?
in Russian language common morphological orthography - morpheme that is uniformity throughout the entire process of word formation (exception - the alternation in the roots and the writing of "s" after the consoles in a consonant).The Belarusian as, for example, the phonetic system: how to say - and write.Therefore, for the Belarusian schoolchildren understand what orthoepy, much easier and much more important.Or, for example, in some languages (Finnish, Turkish), the words are very, very long - to utter many different vowels in a word is not possible.Consequently, all the vowels are arranged under one - shock.Over time, this principle passed in writing.
Right speech
master and constantly enjoy the literary norms of the language is even more difficult than to write correctly, but, nevertheless, this ability - one of the most important for an intelligent person.
