Conductivity describes the ability of materials to conduct electrical current, this value is inversely proportional to the electrical resistivity.
When it comes to the specific value, it means finding a measure of the parameter for the unit characterized by an object.Start with simple, common examples that will help you quickly understand the essence of what is happening.
Specific gravity - the easiest option, showing the weight of one cubic meter of a substance under normal conditions.In this case, the parameter is a measure of the kilogram, and the unit will be subject cubic meter.
measurement conditions normally input to determine, as the pressure increases, strictly speaking, a cubic meter of material will have a mass greater than under normal pressure.Looking ahead, we note that semiconductors, for example, can be quite noticeably change their electrical resistance when the temperature changes or the lighting.
Now back to the question of what is a conductivity.As mentioned above, this value is the reciprocal of resistivity, which in turn is interpreted as follows:
resistivity - is resistance of the cube material with the side of 1 meter electric current under the condition that the current flows strictly perpendicular to one of the faces of the cube.Similarly, you can treat and conductivity, but it is worth adding that the requirements of the measurement under normal conditions for this case are also vital.
Currently science believes that the conductivity is directly proportional to the square of the charge of the particles that make up the current number of them in substance by the amount of volume, and inversely proportional to the carrier mobility.For the purposes of this interpretation lies the explanation of why Ohm's law does not apply to gases.At a certain value of the electromagnetic field causes ionization process and the current increases like an avalanche.As used in the welding or elementary fluorescent.
As for solutions, the situation is much more interesting, if you approach it from this position.The conductivity of the solution depends primarily on the number of charge carriers that are free ions, charged negatively or positively.As in pure distilled water, no such ions, the specific conductivity of the water is close to zero.This means that the current through the clean water will not go.This phenomenon based methods for measuring salinity and water pollution, in particular ph-factor.
Conductivity is the most decisive factor that makes precious metals used in electronics.Due to the extremely high value of this parameter, the precious metals are an essential element of precision measuring equipment.Few know that the reflectivity of the metal is also largely dependent on its resistance, which is why the mirror often made of silver.
