word "orthoepy" of Greek origin and roots exactly translated as "speaking right".Under the "speaking right" refers to the normative pronunciation of the sounds of language and properly placed accents.
Literary Russian language and literary language
There is a concept - a modern Russian literary language (otherwise - SLRYA).It is a huge complex of words and permissible forms that are the norm.SLRYA sure to use radio, television and other media to communicate it in formal situations and in public places with strangers.But apart from the literary language, literary language exists, that is a set of laws and regulations that comply with the pronunciation of certain sounds or words.Pronouncing rules of the Russian language, and these laws are.They and use the same media.
We're not talking the way we write
principle on which to base Russian orthography - morpheme unchanging appearance during derivation.That is how the root or suffix decided to write one, and will use it in all the words of this morpheme (for every rule there are exceptions, so there are phenomena such as the alternation of the root vowel).However, it is clear that we can not always say the same morpheme, even if the writing is.Our language is trying to somehow lighten their responsibilities, to change the sound a bit, cutting the way from the point of generation of the sound to another, and eventually words are a bit wrong as written.It turns out that the rules of pronouncing the Russian language - it is the laws by which it is necessary to correct the pronunciation of words to distort.These rules are drawn up on the basis of linguists pronunciations of central importance for the regions of Russia - Moscow and St. Petersburg, saying shorter.
pronouncing Basic rules of Russian language
A) Icahn - is one of the laws according to which the change in the pronunciation of words.Icahn - is the transformation of e in and in unstressed position.
B) Addi ctive - this transformation and in s in unstressed position.
B) Akane - is the transformation of in and in unstressed position.
D) Stun - this change in the pronunciation of the voiced sound to the corresponding pair deaf in certain positions, such as in front of the other deaf.
D) voicing - this change in the pronunciation of a thud on the matching calls to certain positions - before the sonorous (always call), at the beginning of words or before a vowel.
This is only the basic and most important laws.In addition to these there is the established norm pronunciation of each letter, the correct accents in words, and so on.
changes the rules of pronunciation
Naturally, pronouncing the norms of modern Russian language may be different from the norm, say, XIV century then in his daily life Russian people had a completely different set of language and other vocabulary.Unlike SLRYA, literary speech own or may own a few.In different regions of Russia sounding words distorted in different ways: in the Vologda region, for example, it is common Ocaña, that is changing as on of in unstressed position, and in the south of the letter g pronounced in Ukrainian style - with mitigation.
Orthoepy in foreign languages
In languages of other countries, too, have their own laws distortion of words, such as pronouncing the norms of the Russian language.Some of them even have influenced the spelling.In Belarus, for example, is generally used the principle of phonetic writing, ie in derivation can be changed the original appearance morpheme if it changed the pronunciation.In Turkish, Finnish and some other common phenomenon of vowel harmony anyway - vowel harmony.The fact that, because of the grammatical features of the language, the words in it can be very long, and the language is simply not able to utter a number of different vowels and consonants.Therefore, it is vowel harmony - likening the words of one of the vowels of a shock.
Over time pronouncing rules of the Russian language changed.In some cases, such as stress, it happens pretty quickly.Nevertheless, the ability to master the modern Russian literary speech is necessary for an intelligent person.
