In today's world a special place in the management of any enterprise is engaged in all kinds of accounting article.Presented below is the material in detail the liabilities called "receivables and payables".This is one of the most relevant articles are responsible for compliance with the financial arrangements between the two organizations, because even minimal non-compliance of its parties to the agreement immediately affect the ratio of accounts receivable and payable for each of the considered legal entities.
Debentures
Circuit economic and financial activity of any modern enterprise is the reason that there are receivables and payables.It may be the funds received from the settlement of any tangible assets, the services provided;and issued and sold products in the form of all kinds of goods, and so on. d. All of the above items are recorded in the accounting records.Thus, receivables and payables - a debt of other organizations to the enterprise in question.Let's examine each of these concepts to more fully understand the difference between them.
creditor obligations
This term represents all kinds of debts specifically addressed to companies or other legal cooperating individuals, individual entrepreneurs and other related services.Therefore, for the above categories can be referred Organization's debt to suppliers of raw material or finished products, which subsequently will be used mainly in the manufacturing process;to contractors - for services rendered by them and work;to its own employees (wages for their work for the benefit of the enterprise).In addition, the accounting item includes various payments to non-budgetary funds and budget.
Payables implies a commitment that occur gradually and continuously as the establishment and further development of the economic activities of the enterprise in question.One of the very first debt can be considered debts to the founders.They appear in the time of the share capital.Subsequently, there are all sorts of commitments and to various financial institutions.It is believed that after they are formed debts to suppliers, because they provide all the necessary materials to get started.The fourth in the list of tax deductions are based on the results of activities.
Receivables
This concept implies an all obligations of any institutions that are legal entities and individuals acting as individuals, to the enterprise in question.In this case, debtors are called debtors.For this category of debt usually include representatives accountable for the money given to them;obligations of customers and purchasers of finished products or services;repayment of loans and more.Naturally, when the ratio of receivables and payables declined in our favor.In human psychology it is incorporated, which is much more pleasant to receive from someone finances than to give their money someone else.But in any case should not rely solely on the amount that should be returned, as if they are not passed on time, there is a risk that the company will incur a loss.Consequently, on the shoulders of the accounting department is assigned the observance of strict accounting of all obligations.This means that you need to control the timing of payment of accounts payable and accounts receivable dues.
period turnover
financial calculations often require finding the above values for the further successful operation of the enterprise.All necessary data can be taken from the periodic component of the balance sheet.Thus, the turnover of accounts receivable and accounts payable is subject to planning and subsequent monitoring.The higher the index, the greater the positive changes taking place.Turnover is characterized by liquidity and quality.They illustrate the speed of the process, from which the proceeds to cash.
Key indicators
Evaluation of receivables and payables carried out by means of turnover.They are calculated as the ratio of the resulting revenue to the average liabilities.In addition, the shown figure may be computed in days.In this case, it will characterize the period for which the funds involved make their circuit.Thus, receivables and payables - is an integral part of accounting.
receivable turnover ratio obligations
This indicator is calculated from the following data: revenue from sales of goods and services, the average debt.To find the required ratio is only necessary to divide the first value to the second.Through these calculations, you can figure out the amount of time the formation and replenishment commitments during the study period.
turnover ratio of accounts payable
course, receivables and payables of the enterprise must be considered together.This will monitor and take timely measures to improve the circumstances.The unfavorable situation is the one in which the accounts payable turnover ratio is much higher than the receivables.
Property inventory
inventory of receivables and payables is necessary first of all to verify the validity of the values registered on the bank accounts of the enterprise.To do this, carefully compare the data on own account with the values obtained from the so-called contractors.In the following is drawn reconciliation calculations made earlier, which is then sent for approval and signing of the relevant authorities.It is important to pay attention to the fact that the above documents are not the primary point from which to start an inventory of accounts receivable and payable, and are used only to confirm the fulfillment of any economic activity.After all, during the flow of the process in the financial condition of any of the parties does not undergo any changes.The signing of the reconciliation statement shows only that the contractor acknowledges the debt between you.
effectiveness of interventions
as the timing and the very order of the inventory is established leaders of each company, therefore, to different organizations, these procedures may be different.The so-called "control tip" order is issued, which describes all the necessary steps and periods.Of course, this has nothing to do with the design of the mandatory inventory carried at the end of the year.The result of such events allows for a variety of purposes.Here are some of them:
1) clarify the obligations of receivables for sold but not yet paid for the products (goods or services);
2) adjustment of accounts payable on the above items;
3) determining the statute of limitations with respect to each individual counterparty, with a need to review all agreements between the parties represented treaties and agreements;
4) identification of residues of other receivables and payables on the specific date of the property inventory.
