Russian Grammar includes three sections: word formation, morphology and syntax.Today we look at one of them, namely morphology.
word "morphology" comes from the Greek language, literally it means the science of form, the doctrine of the form, ie the study of construction of word forms.The morphology of the regular school program studied rather superficially, and the teacher is not much focus on the field of linguistics.The article was written for those who want to explore further what the morphology and the morphological analysis of the words, or simply to improve their cultural level and learn a lot of interesting.
Let's start with history.What is morphology, we knew in drevneindeyskoy grammatical tradition.Then people have understood such concepts as "part of speech", "decline" or "conjugations."But the word "morphology" (and with it science) emerged only in the late nineteenth century, thanks to the German poet, statesman and philosopher Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who described the living and inanimate nature of the "forms".Later, the German linguists decided to borrow this "idea of classification" and exactly the same language to describe.In this way it arose the term "morphology", "morpheme" and "morphological analysis of speech."
morphology can be regarded as necessary, but at the same time, non-generic and inconsistent discipline, as it studies the structure of the unit grammar - words, or rather word forms, which, in turn, do not exist in all languages.And so, not everyone knows that this morphology, and in every language, this science is needed.
Word forms are very durable and tightly linked, and it highlights the morphology among other sections of the grammar.It very accurately describes the origin, composition, structure of the word.
Now more about the morphological analysis.Today, we consider only the morphological analysis of noun and adjective.To parse the name suschetvitelnogo need only observe the simple scheme:
- Specify the initial form.
- Determine the nature, face, or a proper name.
- Specify animate or inanimate.
- Specify the type.
- Specify decline.
- specified number.
- Specify case.
- sintaktsicheskuyu determine the role of the noun in the sentence.
To parse adjective acts similar scheme:
- determine the initial shape.
- Specify category.
- these forms (full / short).
- indicate the extent of the comparison.
- Specify the type.
- specified number.
- Specify case.
- Identify the syntactic role of an adjective in a sentence.
Now you know what the morphology and the morphological analysis of the words.In fact, every self-respecting person needs to know the values of these elementary notions.It would be easy: the modern Russian language, morphology, word formation, syntax, grammar, phonetics, and so on.This knowledge will characterize you educated and erudite person, but these qualities have always been highly valued, appreciated, and will be valued in our society.So learn the native language and always try to learn something new and interesting!
