way of formation of industry and agriculture in Australia can not be called easy and safe.The share of this continent did not drop serious disasters, it did not affect the world wars, and the climatic conditions in every way contributed to the development of various industries.Nevertheless, the country has long been under the influence of Great Britain, in a sense, acted as a deterrent to development.On the other hand, the first prerequisite to the formation of agriculture is laid British industry, which supplies resources Australia.Industry and agriculture on the continent have evolved gradually, but today the country is the leader in terms of production in several industries.
industrial and agricultural features of farming
Due to its geographical location and rich deposits of resources, Australia has a wide range of sectors covered, both in industrial and in agricultural activities.There is developing steadily engineering, printing, textile, petroleum, metallurgical and other industries.At the same time the manufacturing industry in Australia is one of the most advanced in the world.Electricity production per capita country regularly occupies the first position.
primary industries are not far behind, providing domestic products market needs.Furthermore, the exports has long been a main point of reference for a number of enterprises.In most cases agricultural products, which in large amounts of imports Australia.Industries in many sectors are not as actively supplying the world market with their products.This is reflected in the economic climate in the country, and the investment attractiveness of the local economy to foreign partners.
General characteristics of the industry
advanced branches of industry in the country is precisely because this area is occupied by a third of the population.The most successful areas are species extractive sector, iron and steel, automotive, food, chemical, light and other industries in Australia, not to mention the energy.As exports of bauxite and coal country in the first place, and for the supply of iron ore - in the second.Besides, been established and gold mining, the export of which brings considerable income businesses.About 35% of Australia's exports account for primary metals, fuel and raw minerals.
Mining
This is probably one of the main segments of the Australian economy.Region guaranteed by the numerous varieties of mineral resources, the use of which has allowed the state to become one of the largest rock in the world.In particular, the mining industry in Australia is focused on quarrying bauxite, opals, diamonds and lead.It is coal, manganese and iron ore.In addition, the extracted zinc, silver, tin, nickel, tungsten, titanium and other metals.It is the use of raw materials and allowed the country to form a powerful steel industry.This, incidentally, applies to other sectors of the economy of Australia.The independence of the region from the import largely facilitates the development of new sectors at the expense of their own available raw materials.
Energy
basis of the energy potential of the state of the coal - black and brown.The only problem in this sector is the lack of provision of natural gas and oil.Since many industries in Australia require the use of these resources, some businesses are supplied by imports.Oil companies in recent years significantly increased their output.Yet much of the existing power plants accounted for TESy that run on coal.Metallurgical enterprises and development of transport networks provide a modern infrastructure of power plants, which increases their efficiency.
If the mining industry in Australia is self-sufficient and independent (at least on imports), the modern energy, in view of the technological features, third-party resources require replenishment.Hydropower supplies are limited, but for their ability to supply a minimum enough.Hydroelectric power plants are mainly in Tasmania and in the so-called Australian Alps.
engineering and chemical industry
Transport engineering can be called the pride of the region.The largest centers of the automotive industry are located in Adelaide, Melbourne and Perth.Production of equipment for railway infrastructure is carried out in Sydney and Newcastle and shipbuilding are in Davenport and Brisbane.However, the strict territorial division of production is not observed.Agricultural machinery is also the foundation, without which does not do for a long time, Australia.Industries of the industry is located mainly in the south-east of the country.Chemical companies also concentrated in the southern part of the continent.Factories produce acid, explosives, fertilizers for agriculture, synthetic resins and plastic masses.
Food Industry The food industry is a list of the main sectors of economic activity, which is focused on Australia.Specialty industry, as already noted, is tied to the extraction of raw materials and mining resources with their subsequent processing.But food production sufficiently developed.This is particularly true of dairy and dairy-enterprises, but there are many other species, and the industry.
On the world market there are a factory specializing in brewing, meat-packing, meat-packing, flour and other production, which is supplied by the whole Australia.Industries in the food sector for a long time and has mastered specific industry, including the processing of tobacco leaves.In addition to providing internal inquiries, the factory covers and exports.No wonder Australia is a list of the largest agricultural suppliers of agricultural products, along with Canada and Brazil.
Agriculture Australia
Agricultural activity of the country is diverse and multifaceted.Here equally well developed animal husbandry, crop production, wine-making and other industries.On the world market, a lot of agriculture sector, where it ranks first Australia.The economy and the industry, thanks to a close bunch, allowed the country to become a leader in the production of wool.In addition, high and shipments of dairy and grain products, sugar, meat and vegetables.In South Australia's flourishing horticulture and gardening.Irrigated land also give good crops of cotton, tobacco and sugar cane.
Conclusion
Australia firmly holds the leading position in the global market for industrial and agricultural products.Many factors contribute to this, but there are adverse aspects.For example, agriculture in some parts of the continent hampered by drought and poor soil fertility, but it is only part of the problems faced in this area Australia.The industry also has its difficulties, but the introduction of new technologies and an optimized use of imported raw materials are helping the government to support the growth of production volumes.Despite all the difficulties, the region consistently keeps busy place in the list of leading industrial-agrarian country.It helps in this and balanced economy, without which it is impossible to maintain the industry and agriculture, which is largely a volatile industry (in terms of income).
