payment system - common methods and tools used for money transfers, payments and regulatory liabilities between participants of economic turnover.In many countries, they are significantly different from each other because of the diverse positions in the levels of economic development and features of the banking legislation.
Species
payment systems All payment systems are divided into two types: local and international.
- The first type includes companies Visa and MasterCard, Diners Club and American Express.
- second type are "Sberkard" (cards are accepted only in the "Savings Bank" and partner organizations), Union Card, NPS and others.
higher status in the settlement organization, especially in more places received its products.Typically, the form of the payment system does not affect the additional costs of the map.So, Visa and Mastercard - what to choose?
Payment system Visa
Visa International Service Association - the world's leading payment system based on the dollar, so all operations on currency conversion pass through it.The priority in the work of the company is given to the development of the credit card market.The turnover totals about 4.8 trillion dollars a year.This system is listed at 30 million retail and services in more than 200 countries.It serves one million ATMs worldwide.The number of institutions that are members of the system, in the total amount surpasses 20 million units.It is Visa's owns more than 50% of the turnover of funds payment organizations worldwide.The number of cards issued is around 2 billion pieces.In Western countries, POS-terminals are located in almost all the major stores and restaurants.With carrying a Visa card with credit facilities, or with a non-zero debit account, one can pay for goods and services of non-cash, of course, subject to the necessary level of bank equipment.Advantages of the system:
- access to money round the clock anywhere in the world, as well as via the Internet;
- possibility to transport currency across borders, without incurring customs declaration procedure;
- instant deprived of the commission debited from the card (it requires to carry out payment to the POS-terminal) worldwide;
- opportunity to transfer certain amounts of money to the account, as well as many other services.
Visa in the Russian banking market
Over the past ten years, the market service of Visa in Russia was one of the most dynamic.Payroll cards have many employees of enterprises and organizations, as a form of non-cash payments is becoming more acceptable and desirable.Today the Russian Federation is almost impossible to imagine any large supermarket or filling station vehicles without POS-terminal capable of receiving the payment for non-cash means of payment of the company.
payment system MasterCard
MasterCard International - the international payment system, which brings together more than twenty thousand financial institutions in more than two hundred countries.The main objectives of the company:
- settlement service needs of individuals and legal entities;
- card issuance programs, which are marketed under the brands MasterCard, Maestro and Cirrus.
priority at the present stage of development are electronic payments on the Internet.
In 1966, a few banks in the United States have signed an agreement, the purpose of which was the creation of Interbank Card Association.Already in 1968 the company started cooperation with the system of payment Eurocard.The very name of MasterCard approved only in 1979. In 1980, this organization has taken a leading position in the global market - the number of issued cards reached 55 million.By 2006 th system recognized as one of the most efficient and reliable.More than 25% of bank cards in the world belong to the company.Now MasterCard annually carried out more than 23 billion transactions.
There is a special service for card users - mobile app MasterCard Selection - the phone allows you to view the latest information.
of MasterCard in Russia
use of MasterCard in Russia every year becomes more and more intense.Russia is considered promising by the state to extend the functionality and the development of the payment system.Over the past few years, MasterCard has no essential separation from the leading companies in the sector of non-cash payment - Visa.38.5% of the market of plastic cards Russia belong MasterCard.The total number of them - about 27 million copies.Cooperate with MasterCard, "Savings", "TrasKreditBank", "Masterbank" and "Russian Standard".
MasterCard and electronic payments
In 2013, the amount of online payments in MasterCard system has increased by 25%.Also increased the number of users who have expressed their intention to buy the card for online payment.Actively developing the range of services offered in the industry.The company's management plans to create its own service (PayPass Wallet) as an electronic purse.Its implementation is only planned, but many Internet resources already stated its intention to pay to connect sites with this type of calculation.
How to get a bank card of international payment system
method for producing Visa and MasterCard are fairly simple:
- apply to any of the banks in the world that supports the system;
- the presence of identity documents (usually passport), to conclude an agreement on provision of services.
As for the cards, they can be both debit and credit.
first type is those that you can only use the amount transferred to them.In a situation when the funds run out on the map, they must be transferred to your account for future consumption of services offered by the system.At the same time there are limits funds to increase the size of which is problematic.
Credit cards are more beneficial to use - all payments are covered by means of a certain amount issued by the bank.It is only necessary to repay the debt before the expiry of the account and then re-accumulate the money for the loan.Most of the maps on the territory of Russia are precisely debit, if the contract was not directly stipulate a different option.
implementation of calculations in a network
Not all of the international debit card can be used for payment services and online shopping.For a system of Visa cards is a Visa Gold, Visa Classic or higher, or a specially created for the network Visa Internet, which is an analogue Visa Classic.With the Visa Electron card, you can withdraw money in the terminals, but the calculations are not available on the Internet, if it has no CVV2.Also designed card VISA Virtual, specifically designed for transactions on the Internet and in order to increase user confidence in commerce through the network.
for payment system MasterCard for payments online approach MasterCard Standart and above.A card Master Card Maestro (debit) is similar Visa Electron, is used only for transactions offline procedures (it is free CVC2).
if the site one of the methods of deposit / withdrawal of funds designated Visa Electron or Maestro, in this case it refers to the payments through a variety of international electronic payment systems, similar Moneybookers, or cards issued by certain banks in the West (having codeCVV2 or CVC2).
Visa and Mastercard system in Russia - the current situation
In the current situation in Ukraine, March 21, 2014 some Russian banks have been imposed on some systems (eg, Visa and Mastercard) sanctions.Maps stopped working in shops and stationary machines dispensing money.The most unpleasant thing is that Visa and Mastercard blocked the payment system without any warning.About half a million cardholders of these companies found themselves in a quandary.But as you know, these organizations interested in further cooperation with the Russian Federation, and, therefore, two months after the incident, the international payment systems and the government have agreed to continue working in Russia.During the negotiations, amendments were made to the legal framework of the Russian Federation "On the national payment system": foreign corporations undertake quarterly placed in special accounts "Sberbank" contributions to ensure the size of a quarter of the daily cash turnover of the system (ie. E. About $ 100 million each).
In the future, the integration of subsidiaries Visa and Master Card in Russian national payment system.This will create two different organizations.The State Duma has already introduced a bill on the subject.Another issue is that the transfer to a unified national payment system of all the participants will take one month.But this is a necessary measure to be taken to a more secure economic situation in the country and secure the position of each Russian citizen.
