great importance in the national economy is the industry such as beekeeping.Its main product - honey.He is not only delicious and nutritious, but also very useful.Since ancient times, it is used for human food and is used to treat many diseases, such as sore throats or colds appointed.
Beeswax is required for the manufacture of artificial honeycombs, without which it is impossible to imagine the implementation of beekeeping.It finds its marketing and the so-called bee glue - propolis.A lot of work should undertake before the bees to classify species, genera, families, orders, classes, types.
bee family
According to the old bees are divided into wild and domestic.And one and the other old families tend to live.Honeybees wild or domestic develops from the egg, and, as we know, is considered to be a single unit of work.
Evolution showed that they stay together - the need and, therefore, a man working with bees, does not deal with private individuals and with the whole family as the economic unit with complete.For a long time away from the family life of the honey bee can not proceed because it is completely dependent on her.
members of the bee family
Of what is directly bee family?Key members of the family - a lot of worker bees and the queen.In the summer, you can see more and drones, whose appearance is due to seasonality.The uterus and the worker bees are females.However, due to the absence in the latter normally developed sexual organs, to mate with a drone and later lay eggs could only womb.Suspended (and in some cases completely stops) the process of laying eggs with a lack of food, as well as in connection with a low temperature environment.
bee species
Through numerous studies, it became known that the genus of bees is divided into four groups.Types of honey bees representing more Indian bees, bees average Indian, Indian small bees and honey bees directly.Of particular interest is the honeybee.
An important feature of these insects is that no matter whether it is a honey bee wild or domestic, honey they stack separately from brood.It is very convenient, because in this case the person carefully selects a certain part of it, and it does not hurt at the same cell.
Habitat
Types of honey bees determine their location: Bee, bred by man, lives in the hive, and the wild bees living in tree holes in the forest or in the ground, that is, seeking refuge in places where there is no negative impact of the external environment.In the comfort of honey obtained tastier, and the number of its much larger.
wild honeybee or a home, finding a comfortable position for himself, begins to build wax honeycombs, which are composed of many cells.This bee pollen invest (ambrosia) and honey directly.The very structure of the cells takes place from top to bottom.Since the construction of honeycomb expands in length and width after merging into a single cell.Normal cells have a white color and the thickness of 22-25 mm.However, they tend to darken, if they continue to be displayed or output bees or drones.Strong family with a moderate load of the spring and summer can allocate for the construction of up to two kilograms of wax.
How many lives
bee honey bees or wild home has a rather short period of life: in the summer it is two or three months.If it is a wintering worker bees, then we should talk about a longer life span - from six months to eight months.The life of bees in general, depends on the "calculations" it during operation.
Worker bees do most of the functions in the family and doing all kinds of work, in addition to laying eggs.The broad scope of the work performed by the bees - it is quite understandable fact, because the body of the average bee nature prone and adapted to perform the work:
- they have the ability to smell delicious, so finding and recognizing food;
- vision in the honeybee is excellent;
- well-developed wings, by which is ventilated beehive;
- devices on the legs, which they use to collect pollen;
- the sting - a means of defense against invading enemies.
feature is the presence of bees glands that produce milk to feed the larvae.
Bee Biology
fully demonstrates the kind of originality and biology of the honey bee.Working bee thanks to her four pairs of wax glands capable of producing wax.These glands are not developed in the bee that had just hatched, but their presence becomes noticeable after only three to five days.
Bees feed on food two consistencies: firm (pollen) and liquid (nectar and honey).Therefore, it should be noted that the bees mouthparts adapted for both the first and the second food.Excretory organs are bee Malpighian tubes (multiple tubes of different lengths) and fat body.It is thanks to them that the bees can release decomposition products arising during metabolism: uric acid, carbon dioxide and salt.The circulatory system is not closed and the bees represented by five-chamber heart and aorta.Blood bee colorless.
Stages of Development
bee bee goes through three stages: the stage of eggs, larvae and pupae.Development of the embryo in the egg takes place bee three days.Shortly before the larvae are born, the queen bee lays an egg a little food, so under pressure from his egg could explode.If the food does not put the - the egg just withers.
larva appearance resembles a bee, because the wings and legs are not defined.During its maturing larva about four times changes the skin, which in its growth and development is becoming increasingly close.Later the larva through the gland secretions spinning spins a cocoon around itself.There is a rapid laying of new bodies and the resulting larva survived the fifth moult, resets a cocoon and becomes a chrysalis.
Thus, honeybees peculiar anatomical point of view and are quite useful from the standpoint of the national economy.
