Why is it important to study natural systems (PC)?The answer to this question can be short: to save the environment.This article provides a detailed explanation of what are the types of PCs, why it is important to know and preserve natural systems of all sizes.
What is natural complex?
word "complex" in Latin means "communication mix."This term is used in different sciences, including natural.Natural or geographical complex - it's all interrelated phenomena that occur in nature.Not accepted to identify the PC landscape, the first concept is much wider.For example, a natural complex is considered edge of the forest, steppe and forest areas on the mainland, all geographic shell.
Five major PC components
natural complexes are any combinations of elements in a particular area of relief, of rocks and soil, water and climate factors with living organisms.Every PC should consist of five interrelated components: climate, soil, water, plants and animals.Why is it important to study natural systems, from pre-school age?To understand and not to break ties that add up to a PC.The concrete examples of the mutual influence of the components of the natural complex.
climate - the main component of the zonal PC
Climatic features depend on the geographic location.In particular, the area is located farther from the equator, the less solar heat received.Formed PC arctic desert or tundra.Much insolation with a lack of moisture leads to the development of semi-deserts and deserts.
climate affect the formation of a certain type of soil.For example, in the steppes, there are warm and cold periods of the year.Sunny summer heat arrives enough, and a little moisture.Organic material is gradually decomposed to humus - a black substance that gives the dark shades of the most fertile soil - chernozem.
Why is it important to study natural systems?Knowledge of PC components allow to understand how the climate and soil affect the composition of plants and animals.So, in the steppes dominated by grasses, trees and shrubs to insufficient rainfall.But if the amount of moisture continues to decline, and human activity leads to the destruction of the soil, the desertification begins.
types of natural complexes
PCs differ in size.So, a small pond, meadow in the woods or ravine - it's natural complexes of lower rank.In large areas of the continents in the decisive influence of climate zone formed natural systems of the Earth - natural zone (PZ).These include tundra, forests, steppes and deserts.In addition to these basic PC there are transitional zone, which combine features of two adjacent natural systems.Distribution of the PP in the plains obeys latitudinal zonation.
In the mountains there is a PC with a change in height (altitude explain).If the mountain range above 5000 m and is located close to the equator, the kit may include zones 5 to 7 zones (humid forests, savannas, mixed forests, mountain meadows, rocky deserts, snow and glaciers).
What is a natural complex (territorial)?Historically another type - azonal PC.There are on the continents and oceans of natural territorial complexes (PTC).The leading role in the formation of this type of PC plays lithogenous base (topography, geological structure, the composition of rocks).
PTC - isolated in the space of the system formed by interrelated components: the earth's crust, atmosphere, water, plants and animals.Large natural areas - the continents, geographical countries and regions, the landscape, the natural boundary.The largest and most important PC - geographical cover, connecting the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere as a whole.
Why is it important to study the natural systems of the edge?
for all PCs, even the lowest rank, characterized by general laws, such as integrity, when the violation of one component leads to the destruction of the entire system.Looking around, to observe the nature of their native land, there are numerous examples to illustrate this and other laws.In nature, there is a circulation of matter and energy.Participants in these processes components of inanimate nature, plants, animals and people.
When planning any activities necessary to consider the consequences to which it might lead.Therefore, before the erection of residential and industrial facilities, prior to construction of roads, mining, environmental surveys are carried out.Experts trying to find out how one or the other type of activity impact on the environment.Knowledge of PC components, their relationship does not allow prejudice to nature, to preserve it for future generations.
