Russia occupies a leading position on the timber resources.Taking into account the qualitative and quantitative varieties of feedstock an important place in the economy becomes the industry such as the wood industry.
very hard to at least briefly enumerate all the products manufactured at its plants: it matches, furniture, railway sleepers, wooden utensils, skis, musical instruments, timber, and much more.In short, the timber industry produces all that can be obtained from wood by manufacturing or processing.This plywood, hardboard, various carpentry, etc.
Wood Russia has a long history.Its roots come from the times of the subsistence economy.Gradually artisanal craft begins to develop into production.And in the early 18th century there are the first enterprise in the field of woodworking: sawmills, furniture factories, the production of matches, etc.
wood industry in the USSR in the first five-year plan starts its rapid growth.For all its vast territory created enterprises are concentrated in the areas of the main sources of raw materials, on the banks of large rivers and paragraphs alloy.That's how the giant factories were built in Yeniseisk, Karelia, the Far East, etc.
Today, wood is used in the processing of scientific approach, created numerous research institutes are engaged in the study of the properties of wood, optimize storage conditions, develop new technology of processing and drying.Simple machining in our days completely replaced chemical-mechanical.
About a third of all oil produced in Russia timber is exported.In recent years, the government is attempting to encourage deep processing of raw materials in the country, seeking thereby reducing export abroad logs - unprocessed timber.That is why the export duties for each cubic meter have been increased several times.
And this policy soon yielded results.Wood industry is experiencing new growth: treatment of the material began to engage in domestic enterprises, which should have a positive impact on the economy: increased tax revenues, new jobs are created, etc.
growing exports have already processed timber, the main consumers of which are those countries which, because of its geographical location do not have large reserves of wood: China, Japan, Egypt, Iran, etc.
Along with the pulp and paper, wood processing industry itself is a subdivision or light industry.
Paper Industry - is the production of paper, pulp, paperboard and articles thereof.
The industry enough of materials, asfor one ton of pulp need about 5-6 cubic meters of timber.In addition, its production uses a lot of water.That is why the paper mills are located near major water sources.
They are mainly oriented to the European part of Russia.It Kondopozhsky and Serzhsky plant in Karelia, Mari Pravdinsky and PPM, and others.
Despite the fact that our country has the largest forest resources in the world - about 80 billion cubic meters, while its pulp and paper industry would have to be the locomotive of the economy, the technical condition of the industry, its share in the economy is poor.For example, the production capacity is used for a maximum of 50%.
That is why the state is interested in the development of this industry, and they developed a program designed to stimulate growth.
