Among the many attractions of Sevastopol highlights one.Panorama defense of Sebastopol captured a Russian naval base in the Crimean War years of the nineteenth century.
Historical facts
the Crimea to Russia in 1783 was a great achievement of the foreign policy of the Russian Empire.During this period the international arena came the so-called Eastern question.This issue has been linked to the weakening of the Ottoman Empire, the national liberation struggle of the Balkan peoples and the interests of all European countries in the territory of the weakening of Turkey.That last fact identified dissatisfaction with the developed countries of Europe in strengthening Russia's position in the Northern Black Sea.Since then, Russia's influence only grew in 1854 and reached its peak.There was another Russian-Turkish war.The victory of Admiral Nakhimov in Sinop Bay shattered all hopes on the success of the Turkish command in hostilities, near the Russian victory.But then came the war in England, France and Piedmont.In September 1854, they landed troops in the Crimean peninsula.In the future, the main events are developing around Sevastopol.Almost a year superior forces heavily armed allied army could not take the glorious city.It is the subject of panorama of Sevastopol.
In memory of the defense of Sevastopol
8-9 September 1855 Sevastopol was abandoned by Russian troops and occupied by the enemy.But, despite this, the heroism and courage of the defenders of the city played a role in the future conclusion of peace.In Paris, when signing, Russian representative Gorchakov said, "Behind me there was a shadow of Admiral Nakhimov, which prevented the Allies to demand from Russia a large regional connections."On this so-called first defense (given the events of the Great Patriotic War) in the Crimea, evidenced by the many memorials.It is a monument dedicated to the scuttled ships, numerous monuments to soldiers killed in the first and second bastions, on the Malakhov Hill, and of course, the view of the defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855.
History
Panorama - is a kind of fine art, which is a picture viewer in wide format with a three-dimensional object in the foreground, creating thus the illusion of real space.By the fiftieth anniversary of the Russian Defense port artist Franz Roubaud battle scenes in 1901, he received an order for a great job, which was to commemorate the feat of the military and the civilian population of the city in the terrible days of the siege.It was a panorama "Defense of Sevastopol", which had to be complete until 1904, as the time needed to establish a picture and mount objective environment.Arriving in the city, the painter spent a lot of time and effort to the study of the area and local history material.Through sketches made in the Crimea, he was able to prepare and submit to the St. Petersburg sketch pictures.Having received the go-ahead for the implementation of the conceived, Roubaud sent to Germany, where a few years in collaboration with other artists finished canvas.
museum building
Panorama Sevastopol require a lot of space, and its specially prepared.Enberg and architect F. W. Feldman won the design competition for the building of a future exhibition.It is in itself a monument of art, because it is the only building in the panoramic entire post-Soviet space.Round, height of 38 meters, the construction put on the ground floor, so it looks elongated, leaves no feeling of awkwardness.Its construction took 2 years.This is a fairly quick time for Russia.The vertical walls of the projections were thirteen busts of the heroes of the first defense of Sevastopol.
Content paintings
Sevastopol Panorama depicts a day in the siege of the city when the assault occurred Ship party French and British troops.If the audience was present that day at the top of Malakhov Hill, he was able to watch the picture, close to the image on the canvas.About four thousand actors are drawn by artists, and next to each intense struggle.The battle comes alive and transmits passions.Simple sailors and soldiers in the foreground, and the heads of their legendary Nakhimov.Not everything in the picture having enjoyed the highest commission on reception, who arrived from St. Petersburg.A few years later the panorama of Sevastopol undergo changes.Their own will Roubaud, for they have been offered by the emperor himself.So, they are painted portraits of the men in the foreground and disappear Nakhimov.But then, at the opening, in May 1905, the artist was honored commentaries war veterans, participants of the defense of the city, which found the image very lively and close to reality.
Fate panorama
After the October Revolution panorama of Sevastopol, the museum was renovated and restored to its original appearance.During the Great Patriotic War, twenty percent of the painting was destroyed in the fire bombing, the rest were taken to Novosibirsk in 1942.After the war, in Moscow, the canvas was, you might say, recreated anew.By adding a few episodes of the original with the surgeon Pirogov, sailor cat.After 49 years of Sevastopol Panorama (photo, by the way, are presented in the article) defense which again took its historic place, with pride and pleasure shows her guests.
