In the XIX century, with the growth of ideas and panevropeizma Eurocentrism, intensified the aspirations of ordinary Europeans to create a single European state, in the manner of the Holy Roman Empire Charlemagne.Only the "Third Rome" was to be built not by the sword, both in the Middle Ages, and on the basis of good will of the Member States.Writer Victor Hugo expressed these vague hopes then this: "The day will come when all the nations of our continent will merge into a single brotherhood, without losing their national and regional identity."National and international conflicts that bedevil Europe in the late XIX - early XX century have reinforced these expectations.Centripetal force, move the aspirations of Europeans, revealed at last, in 1957, when six countries established the European Union.
What happened in these fifty-odd years, and, more importantly, why in the past five years in European society strengthened skepticism about the viability of the European Union?Why centrifugal forces, first weak, invisible against the background of a general euphoria now appear more and more, allowing you to nominate unfavorable forecasts up to the fact that the European Union would collapse before the end of 2013?Whether destined to "Fortress Europe" is the same sad fate as the once strong "bulwark of communism" - the Soviet Union?Is born in the mid-twentieth century as a result of supranational entities viable initially pledged defects, is now triggered on a "time bomb"?Or just the European Union passes through the trials and obstacles that put in front of him broke the world economic crisis?Whether, in the end, the centrifugal force to shatter and sink the European boat?
purpose of founding a united Europe was primarily political: to prevent new inter-state conflicts and confront a united front against such players on the world stage, as the USSR and the USA.This goal is reached the EU by 100%, "biting" from several countries of the socialist camp, this supranational entities has grown today to 27 Member States.Although the lands of Europe came to a sustainable peace, the centrifugal force is manifested in the opinion of eurosceptics that Romania and Bulgaria are the poor and the troubled Balkan country were unnecessary or ill-timed single member of the European family.Rushed to Italy migratory wave of "poor relatives" made in Western Europe in a new look at the integration process.
In forming the EU is not less important than the political, economic component was.Country-founder wanted to create a world economic center, which would be a powerful competitor to the United States, Japan and China raises its head, India and Brazil.We can say that this goal has been achieved.The single currency - the euro - is now the second strongest currency and the stability of the world, significantly surpassing the US dollar.However, the centrifugal force is evident in the area of financial management.Eurosceptics called the euro currency vulnerable because there is no single unitary Ministry of Finance.Just a very diverse economies of individual countries have a common currency, over which (experts warn) hangs "Damocles sword" sharp and at the same time, protracted fall and even collapse.
Finally, another area where the centrifugal force appears particularly acute, it is bureaucratic, constitutional and procedural deficiencies in the management of bloopers.Failed miserably some strategic evroprogrammy, for example, Lisbon, promises up to 2010 to turn Europe into a "society outlived unemployment."Brussels in an effort to build a unified economy sometimes step on a rake Khrushchev era, telling what and where to plant what constitutes vodka, and that - a real chocolate, etc.This policy forces small producers consider "Brussels" dirty word and it strengthens the centrifugal tendencies.The global crisis, when some eurozone countries were on the verge of bankruptcy, exposing your system, and how the leadership of the European Union to cope with them, will in future depend on the fate of Europe and the world.
