In the biblical book of Genesis it is written about the origin of the species Homo Sapiens Sapiens: «men and women God created them."So who are they - man and woman, two halves or two different subspecies?Related to continue the race being over the rest of life, or, more correctly, in other areas of life, in addition to the reproductive - friends or foes?As far as the identity of a person depends on his belonging to a certain "camp"?And how genetics may influence the gender issues of transsexuality?
Aristotle, who was far from being a modern science of genetics, as early as the 4th century BC, spoke words of wisdom: "A man begets man."After almost two and a half thousand years, in 1956, scientists have shown that the formation of the male body in the mother's body responsible Y-chromosome, which is passed only from father's son, as the mother is absent.That's it for the eighth week, the embryo directs the formation of the sex glands, turning them into men's testicles.This determines the genetics of sex further morphological floor, ie the formation of the external genitalia, and after the baby is born and as he matures, secondary sexual characteristics.
presence or absence of the Y-chromosome affect gonadal (further development of the female ovary or testes of male) gamete (the ability of the glands to produce eggs and sperm) and hormonal sex (when the body produces estrogen, or androgens - the male and female hormones).But, as people - a social being, not only the genetics of sex affects the individual, but society itself, with its clear rules and principles.Thus, a person is also a civil race - the one to which he added others.With civil hails directly related gender - a complex sexual traits and behaviors that society expects (and often required) from the support of a particular sex.For example, from the man expected to courage some brutality, independence, and a woman - soft, tender, relationship, emotional.
well as chromosomal sex determination in line with our identity as men or women.Rejection of gender restrictions in no way indicative of transsexualism, if a woman wants to learn the "male" profession or exhibits independence and courage in making decisions, it does not mean that it feels like a man.She just protesting against the fact that this or that profession is considered to be a male and female imposed or that behaviors.But what about when the biological sex does not match with the psychological conviction of the person belonging to the other sex?
In 1990, British scientist P.Gudfellou investigated male Y-chromosome and discovered the gene SRY, which is responsible for the production of testosterone.So science has advanced to the genetics of sex is one more step.Experiments on mammals have shown that if a female embryos in the early stages to implant the gene SRY, the male sex organs are formed that do not lead to the fact that the male is born - the light appears with signs of female pseudo-hermaphroditism female.If the male embryo development block testosterone, he develops a male pseudo-hermaphroditism.
But transsexualism - is not just one or the other sex characteristics under the influence of testosterone.Transsexuals completely organically do not accept the genetic sex determination, given to them by nature and tend to belong to the opposite sex.And this desire, no matter what the clerics and conservatives-moralists - is not idle fantasy and not evidence of moral decline.Because transsexuality is already beginning to emerge in young children (about two years), when the child wants to be called by a name that gives the opposite sex.Gender education absolutely nothing, and only exacerbates the trauma.Boys are attracted to dolls and outfits, pugnacious and girls playing in the "boyish" game.As a teenager in transsexuals appears interested in "the opposite" - in their minds - and to "own" - in the eyes of society - sex.Transsexualism affects approximately one person per 150,000 - that is, the percentage of such people in society is quite large.
