forest-steppe and steppe of Eurasia are very diverse, and the composition of plants, and wildlife.Later in the article we analyze the main features of these territories.
Flora
The different forest and steppe?First, we should pay attention to the vegetation.Thus, for forest-steppes are characteristic of the territory dominated by oaks, "dilute" Ash-tree and maple trees.West of common hornbeam and beech.West Siberian steppe, where there is a continental climate, rich in birch woods with larches and pines.Such trees like spruce, it does not grow.In forest areas mainly distributed "gray" soil and mixed grass steppes mainly black earth.Typically in the desert grass grow resistant to drought.In order to protect the stem and leaves of the dry, in some plant has a wax coating or they are covered with soft down.Others are collapsing during a drought narrow leaves.Third stockpile moisture in the fleshy stems and leaves.Many plants root system is very deep.Spring begins actively bloom, and even some types of fruit.The steppe covers a bright carpet of different perennials.Throughout the summer the vegetation is replaced as flowering.From the north towards the south is replaced by cereal grasses or fescue-feather grass crop in most southern areas - wormwood.
Fauna
How different forest-steppe on the composition of the animal world?Each territory inhabited by certain species.Thus, in a feature forest wildlife that inhabit it are adapted to different types of terrain.Squirrel, pine marten and dormouse found in areas with dense vegetation (trees, for example).Slightly less it is possible to see roe deer and elk.Steppe animals are most common jerboa, squirrels, polecats, marmot, rarely Bustard and Little Bustard.Muskrat and beaver ponds are inhabitants.The fauna of the steppe zone was formed a long time, mainly because herbivores.Distributed variety of rodents, birds feeding on insects and grains, as well as predatory birds and animals.
Influence territory habits of animals
the behavior of steppe animals significantly affected life in open spaces with dry weather and rapid changes in temperature, seasonal lack of nutrition and watering draining.Animals have long adapted to such harsh conditions.For example, the saiga antelope, well developed fast run.Thanks to him, they are saved from the attacks of wild animals.Besides running helps them to go long distances in search of water and food.Various rodents, which in the steppes of huge amount, adapted to living in caves, used for breeding and as a refuge from the heat and cold.In addition, these are homes for rodents good shelter from predators.Since the trees in the desert there is little birds make their nests on the ground.Many animals at the onset of winter hibernate, it allows them to survive the cold and hunger.The same thing they accomplish and severe drought.Basically, many birds migrate to winter in warmer climes.There are animals that are active at all times of the year.They have to look for food in the winter and summer.These animals are mostly mice, foxes, hares, partridges, voles and wolves.
steppe and forest Russia
These areas are common in the central part of the country.Basically, in our time zone steppe and steppe mastered, and on it are gardens and orchards.Here grow a variety of crops, corn, potatoes, hemp, sunflower.To the south of the forest-steppe zones are not rich forest areas.For the reason that the tree growth is not enough food in the steppes grow mostly grass and shrubs.Small trees can be found only near rivers or gullies, saturated groundwater.From the very beginning the Lower Danube steppes and extend to the Southern Urals.If you look in the meridional direction, the boundary that separates the forest and steppe, almost imperceptible.In other words, the first second continue.Steppe originate from the southern boundary of the forest and end up in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus and the Crimean Mountains.
weather
steppe terrain typical continental climate.There's enough warm summers.The climate is one of the main differences between forest and steppe.In the warmer months the average temperature is +22 ° C.In particularly hot days, sometimes up to +40 ° C.Humidity is typically no more than 50%.Weather in steppes there is dry and sunny.If it rains, the more often it is a downpour, after which the water evaporate quickly.Lots of dust and drying up of rivers entail winds in the steppes that are out there often enough.Though winters and short, warm it will not name.In the cold season the average temperature on the thermometer reaches the mark of -30 ° C.In the Black Sea region snow is no longer than two months, and in the Volga about five.Most cold and harsh winter usually in the east.Sometimes it happens even freezing rivers.A frequent visitor to these parts - a thaw, which inevitably entails the black ice.In the spring of the river overflowing widely, there is a flood.In summer and autumn rains are often the consequences of floods.As the snow melts in the spring very quickly, it contributes to the erosion of the soil, thanks to which there are ravines.For the year in the western part there is a high amount of precipitation, but not more than 500 mm.Towards the southeast there is a reduction - up to 300 mm.
Conclusion
Considering modern forest and steppe of Eurasia, the animals that inhabit them, should not be forgotten that these areas have long been treated, that is plowed.All the impacts on soil and harvesting significantly affected the flora and fauna of areas.
